guide:battery [~wiki]

guide:battery

Not to be confused with the legal term for hitting someone very hard.

In newspeak rechargeable battery or just battery, this device stores electrical energy in the form of a chemical potential difference.

Technology	V_max¹	V_min²	A_max (discharging)	A_max (charging)
NiCd	1,28V	0,9V-1,1V		250mA-500mA
NiMH³	1,26V-1,45V	0,9V-1,1V		250mA-500mA
Lead acid	2,1V	1,4V-1,75V
Li-Mn	4,05V-4,1V	2,7V-3,0V	5A-10A	1A-1,5A
Li-Po			10A-15A	1A-1,5A

Charging and discharging rate is defined as the C-Rate. Usually you want to charge at half the rate of the nominal capacity (0.5C or C/2).⁴

Wikipedia: List of battery sizes

identifier	type	size	usual technology	used in
AA	round cell		NiMH
AAA	round cell		NiMH
10440	round cell	Ø10mm x L44mm	Li-Ion	same size as AAA, but different voltage (3.7V vs 1.5V)
18650	round cell		Li-Ion	battery packs, laptop batteries, high-power flashlights, e-cigs

Opening 18650 cells: Panasonic Sanyo Sony Generic Lithium-ion Battery Teardown (Rinoa's Auspicious Travails, 2017)

Battery University

^[1] maximum voltage cells like this can sustain without being damaged

^[2] minimal voltage where the cell is usable, anything less might damage the cell

^[3] Nickel metal hydride

^[4] this means that if you want to charge a cell with 1000mAh, you should charge it for two hours at 500mA or less

Last modified: 2024-07-05 14:31