Batteries
Not to be confused with the legal term for hitting someone very hard.
Accumulators
In newspeak rechargeable battery or just battery, this device stores electrical energy in the form of a chemical potential difference.
Voltage by accu technology
| Technology | Vmax[(maximum voltage cells like this can sustain without being damaged)] | Vmin[(minimal voltage where the cell is usable, anything less might damage the cell)] | Amax (discharging) | Amax (charging) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NiCd | 1,28V | 0,9V-1,1V | 250mA-500mA | |
| NiMH[(Nickel metal hydride)] | 1,26V-1,45V | 0,9V-1,1V | 250mA-500mA | |
| Lead acid | 2,1V | 1,4V-1,75V | ||
| Li-Mn | 4,05V-4,1V | 2,7V-3,0V | 5A-10A | 1A-1,5A |
| Li-Po | 10A-15A | 1A-1,5A |
charging / discharging
Charging and discharging rate is defined as the C-Rate. Usually you want to charge at half the rate of the nominal capacity (0.5C or C/2).[(this means that if you want to charge a cell with 1000mAh, you should charge it for two hours at 500mA or less)]
common sizes
Wikipedia: List of battery sizes
| identifier | type | size | usual technology | used in | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AA | round cell | NiMH | |||
| AAA | round cell | NiMH | |||
| 10440 | round cell | Ø10mm x L44mm | Li-Ion | same size as AAA, but different voltage (3.7V vs 1.5V) | |
| 18650 | round cell | Li-Ion | battery packs, laptop batteries, high-power flashlights, e-cigs |
Lithium Ion cells
- Opening 18650 cells: Panasonic Sanyo Sony Generic Lithium-ion Battery Teardown (Rinoa's Auspicious Travails, 2017)